Novartis announced today new real world evidence from the CHAMP-HF registry comparing Entresto® (sacubitril/valsartan) patients to patients not taking Entresto.[1] This pre-specified analysis of an interim data cut from the CHAMP-HF registry showed that chronic heart failure (HF) patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) taking Entresto reported early, statistically significant improvement in health status, as measured by the KCCQ-12 overall summary score (KCCQ-OS). [1] This finding was driven by statistically significant improvements in symptom frequency and quality of life domains of the KCCQ-12.[1] The study findings were presented today by lead investigator Yevgeniy Khariton, MD, MSc, Saint Luke's Hospital, Mid-America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City, as a part of a late-breaking session at the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure (ESC-HF) Congress in Vienna, Austria.
"Key goals in managing chronic heart failure are to improve patients' symptoms and quality of life," said CHAMP-HF Chair Gregg C. Fonarow, MD and Director of the Ahmanson-UCLA Cardiomyopathy Center, Co-Chief of UCLA's Division of Cardiology, and Co-director of UCLA's Preventative Cardiology Program. "These findings in a real world setting are important because they suggest that taking sacubitril/valsartan may help patients achieve these goals."
"In addition to the already reported reduction in risk of cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization in HFrEF patients treated with Entresto, we now show its potential to improve patient-reported health status," said Shreeram Aradhye, MD, Chief Medical Officer and Global Head, Medical Affairs, Novartis Pharmaceuticals. "What we find most encouraging is that both our Entresto clinical program and now this real world analysis have shown health status benefits as measured by KCCQ."
About Heart Failure
Heart failure is a debilitating and life-threatening condition, which impacts millions of people worldwide.[14] It is the leading cause of hospitalization in people over the age of 65.[8],[15], About half of people with heart failure have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).[9] Reduced ejection fraction means the heart does not contract with enough force, so less blood is pumped out.[11] Heart failure presents a major and growing health-economic burden that currently costs the world economy $108 billion every year, which accounts for both direct and indirect costs.[15],[12]Novartis has established the largest global clinical program in the heart failure disease area across the pharma industry to date, FortiHFy, comprising over 40 active or planned clinical studies designed to generate an array of additional data on symptom reduction, efficacy, quality of life benefits and real world evidence with Entresto, as well as to extend understanding of heart failure.
About Entresto® (sacubitril/valsartan)
Entresto is a twice-a-day medicine that reduces the strain on the failing heart. It does this by enhancing the protective neurohormonal systems (natriuretic peptide system) while simultaneously inhibiting the harmful effects of the overactive renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).[16],[13] Other common heart failure medicines, called angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), only block the harmful effects of the overactive RAAS.[16] Entresto contains the neprilysin inhibitor sacubitril and the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) valsartan.[10]In Europe, Entresto is indicated in adult patients for the treatment of symptomatic chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. In the United States, Entresto is indicated for the treatment of heart failure (New York Heart Association class II-IV) in patients with systolic dysfunction.[10] It has been shown to reduce the rate of cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization compared to enalapril, and also to reduce the rate of all-cause mortality compared to enalapril.[17] Entresto is usually administered in conjunction with other heart failure therapies, in place of an ACE inhibitor or other angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB).[10] Approved indications may vary depending upon the individual country.
About KCCQ-12
KCCQ-12 is a self-administered, health status tool for patients with heart failure.[3] There are four domains: physical limitation (showering/bathing, walking one block on level ground, hurrying or jogging), symptom frequency (shortness of breath, fatigue and swelling of the feet, ankles and legs), social limitation (hobbies/recreational activities, working/doing household chores, visiting family/friends out of the home) and quality of life (impact on lifestyle and satisfaction of spending rest of life with current HF status).[3] Each domain is scored separately, and the overall summary score is equal to the mean of the four domain scores.[3] Higher KCCQ-12 scores from baseline represent better health status.[3] An intra-individual change in a patient's score of 3 to 5 points, or a >=5 point mean group difference, is defined as a minimal clinically important difference for the KCCQ-12 summary score.[3]
About the CHAMP-HF Registry
CHAnge the Management of Patients with Heart Failure (CHAMP-HF) is an ongoing, prospective, observational outpatient disease registry in patients with chronic HFrEF (left ventricular ejection fraction <=40%).[4] CHAMP-HF has enrolled approximately 5,000 patients from 150 geographically diverse US sites, following these patients including those who have been hospitalized for a maximum duration of 24 months.[4] Participating sites are collecting data from providers (HF history, examination findings, and results of diagnostic studies, pharmacotherapy treatment patterns, decision-making factors, and clinical outcomes) and patients (medication adherence and patient-reported outcomes such as KCCQ-12).[4] The primary endpoint of CHAMP-HF is to examine the rationale for HF treatment changes.[4] Secondary outcomes include examining patient and provider decisions and perceptions of treatments, as well as HF related health care resource utilization.[4] Quality of life measures, such as KCCQ-12 and European Quality of Life Five Dimensions (EQ-5D) Questionnaire, and depression screening (PHQ-2), are also being examined as exploratory outcomes.[4] This real world contemporary registry provides a unique opportunity to study practice patterns, patient-reported outcomes and the adoption of new HF therapies across a diverse mix of health care providers and practices in the US that care for HFrEF patients.[4]
About the Real World Evidence Analysis
Presented today was a pre-specified analysis of an interim data cut from CHAMP-HF.[1] The aim of this analysis was to assess short-term, health status benefits of Entresto in real world US clinical practice.[1] Propensity score matching was conducted using 365 Entresto patients and 730 patients not receiving Entresto (1:2 match).[1]Patients taking Entresto had statistically significant improvement in health status as measured by the mean group difference in KCCQ overall summary score (KCCQ-OS) compared to those not taking Entresto (6.01±19 vs. 3.55±17, p=0.014).[1] This improvement in the KCCQ score was seen early with a median follow up of 32 days reported (interquartile range 26, 53).[1] Patients on Entresto scored numerically higher on all domains compared to patients not taking Entresto, but the improvement in the KCCQ-OS score was driven by statistically significant improvements in two domains: symptom frequency (5.07 vs. 1.60, p=0.007) and quality of life (7.53 vs. 4.09, p=0.021).[1] The proportion of patients with a large improvement in overall score (defined as a greater than 20-point improvement from baseline) was 21.4% (78 out of 365 patients) for those taking Entresto vs. 12.5% (91 out of 730 patients) for those not taking Entresto, suggesting a number needed to treat (NNT) of 11.[1]
The overall findings of this real world matched analysis are in line with the KCCQ findings in the PARADIGM-HF study, which showed that Entresto had a positive impact on the health status of patients with chronic heart failure.[5],[6]
Methods
It is important to note that the nature of this real world evidence has some limitations:
1. Khariton, Y, Fonarow, GC, et al. Association Between Sacubitril/Valsartan Initiation and Health Status Outcomes in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction: Findings from the CHAMP-HF Registry. Data presented at the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure (ESC-HF); 2018 May 26-29; Vienna, Austria.
About Novartis
Novartis provides innovative healthcare solutions that address the evolving needs of patients and societies. Headquartered in Basel, Switzerland, Novartis offers a diversified portfolio to best meet these needs: innovative medicines, cost-saving generic and biosimilar pharmaceuticals and eye care. Novartis has leading positions globally in each of these areas. In 2017, the Group achieved net sales of USD 49.1 billion, while R&D throughout the Group amounted to approximately USD 9.0 billion. Novartis Group companies employ approximately 124,000 full-time-equivalent associates. Novartis products are sold in approximately 155 countries around the world.
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